6. INCURVARIIDAE and 5. PRODOXIDAE

Hindwing with rather narrow scales. Frons and vertex yellowish.

Hindwing with scales narrow or broad. Frons and vertex pale or dark brown.

14.0-18.0mm. May and June. Forewing occasionally with faint purplish tinge. Frons and vertex yellow or orange. Antenna shortly ciliate in male, not ciliate in female.

14.0-18.0mm. Late April and May. Upper part frons ferruginous yellow, lower part frons greyish; vertex ferruginous yellow.

12.0-18.0 mm. Mid April to late May. Frons and vertex usually ochreous grey, sometimes greyish. This is the unmarked form. See couplet 8.

May to early September. Forewing dark bronzy brown. Frons white; vertex dark brown.

Hindwing upperside with oval scales. Frons smooth.

Hindwing upperside with hair-scales, rounded or oblong scales. Frons smooth or rough-haired.

11.0-13.0mm. Mid May to early July. Forewing with triangular dorsal spots at a quarter and near tornus, smaller costal spots at a third and opposite tornal, basal pair sometimes linked to form an inwardly oblique fascia.

11.0-15.0mm. May and June. Forewing with tornal spot often connected to a small discal spot above it, sometimes a dorsal spot before middle and one or two small costal spots opposite tornal or beyond this.

9.0-12.0 mm. Late May to early July. Forewing blackish brown; two dorsal spots, one before middle and one at tornus, variable number of costal striae (usually four or five) and an indefinite number of small dots. Frons (smooth) and vertex ochreous yellow, mixed dark brown on vertex.

Frons rough-haired.

Frons smooth or rough-haired.

12.0-18.0mm. Mid April to late May. Frons and vertex usually ochreous grey, sometimes greyish. Antenna in male pectinate, in female notched throughout; flagellum ringed white and blackish brown in both sexes. Forewing bronzy green, in addition to both dorsal spots sometimes with a few small indistinct pale spots on or near costa or near apex. This is the form with pale markings. See also couplet 3.

12.0-15.0mm. Mid April to mid June. Frons and vertex ochreous yellow. Antenna as in I. pectinea, except for flagellum of male which sometimes is dark brown, whitish beneath. Forewing purplish brown, sometimes with a small pale costal spot at two-thirds; cilia concolorous with wing.

12.0-15.0mm. Late April to early July. Frons (rough-haired) and vertex bright pale ferruginous. Antenna not ringed and dread-like in both sexes. Forewing dark brown, often faintly tinged purplish; two dorsal spots and one costal beyond tornal.

14.0-17.5mm. Late April to early July. Frons and vertex ochreous yellow; antenna not ringed. Forewing dark brown with yellowish white markings; fascia at a third (sometimes obsolete at costa), tornal spot and one (sometimes two) costal spots.

13.0-16.5mm. May and June. Forewing greyish brown with slight yellowish tinge; male with two or three dorsal spots (occasionally one) and one or two costal spots, female with dorsal and costal spots linked to form one or two fasciae. Frons and vertex ochreous yellow.

10.5-13.0mm. May to July (Central Europe). Frons and vertex ochreous yellow. Forewing with fascia at one third, tornal spot, large costal spot beyond this and often smaller costal spot between fascia and large costal spot.

11.0-14.0mm. Late May to early July. Frons and vertex bright ferruginous yellow. Forewing with fascia at a third (occasionally reduced to dorsal spot), tornal spot, costal spot beyond this and sometimes additional irregular, marginal spots.