13. BUCCULATRICIDAE

1	Forewing unicolorous 2

-	Forewing with markings 4


2 (1)	Forewing metallic greenish brown. Vertex blackish, greyish brown laterally Bucculatrix nigricomella (part)
	7.0-9.0mm. Early May to early September. Frons glossy plumbeous; eyecap white. Terminal cilia forewing without cilia-line. Unmarked form. See couplet 5.
-	Forewing brownish or ochreous grey, sometimes shining. Vertex ochreous grey or ochreous brown, sometimes mixed darker 3


3 (2)	Forewing shining pale ochreous grey. Smaller species, 6.0-7.0mm B. cristatella (part)
	Mid May to mid August. Frons grey; vertex and eyecap ochreous grey. Terminal cilia forewing without cilia-lines. Form without whitish spots. See couplet 7.
-	Forewing pale to dark brown, not shining. Larger species, 8.0-10.0mm B. maritima (part)
	Mid May to early August. Frons shining brown; vertex ochreous brown, mixed dark brown; eyecap ochreous brown. Terminal cilia forewing with two dark cilia-lines. Unmarked form. See couplet 7.

4 (1)	Forewing dark with pale markings 5

-	Forewing pale with darker markings 9
	Forewing occasionally more or less suffused dark brown (e.g. Bucculatrix noltei, couplet 15)

5 (4)	Vertex unicolorous blackish, greyish brown laterally B. nigricomella (part)
	Forewing metallic greenish brown with two whitish spots on costa, two on dorsum and a whitish basal streak; marking sometimes reduced. See couplet 2.
-	Vertex brown or ochreous, at most mixed blackish brown 6


6 (5)	Eyecap ochreous grey to dark brown 7

-	Eyecap white or yellowish white, often mixed with a few dark scales 8


7 (6)	Smaller species, 6.0-7.0mm. Forewing shining pale ochreous grey with two whitish costal spots and two dorsal (usually reduced) B. cristatella (part)
	Terminal cilia forewing without cilia-lines. See couplet 3.
-	Larger species, 8.0-10.0mm. Forewing brown, variably marked whitish: at most present basal streak and outward oblique streaks from costa and dorsum B. maritima (part)
	Terminal cilia forewing with two dark cilia-lines. See couplet 3.

8 (6)	Forewing dark brown with two whitish spots on costa and two on dorsum; terminal cilia without dark cilia-line *B. cidarella*
	7.0-9.0mm. Mid May to early August. Frons ochreous white; vertex ochreous, ferruginous centrally.
-	Forewing whitish, densely irrorate with brown-tipped scales and with a pattern of pale streaks; terminal cilia with dark cilia-line B. demaryella (part)
	Dark form. Frons pale brown, dark centred. See couplet 11.

9 (4)	Forewing with dark postmedian costal streak inwardly oblique *B. thoracella*
	6.0-8.0mm. May and June, August and September. Forewing yellow with dark brown markings, among which a narrow longitudinal streak extending from disc to extreme apex; terminal cilia without cilia-line. Frons white; vertex ochreous yellow; eyecap white.
-	Forewing with dark postmedian costal streak outwardly oblique 10
	Terminal cilia forewing with or without cilia-line.

10 (9)	Vertex ochreous, brown or ferruginous, centred darker 11

-	Vertex white, occasionally ochreous white, often mixed or central darker 12


11 (10)	Smaller species, 5.5-7.5mm. Forewing yellowish, variably suffused with brown scales *B. ulmella*
	Late April to mid September. Frons white, yellowish white or pale grey; vertex ochreous to ferruginous, mixed blackish brown centrally. Forewing with variable pattern of dark streaks, spots and sometimes a fascia, anterior edge of dark dorsal spot usually with some raised blackish scales; terminal cilia with cilia-line indistinct or absent.
-	Larger species, 7.5-9.0mm. Forewing whitish, variably irrorate with brown-tipped scales B. demaryella (part)
	Late May, early June and August. Frons yellowish white; vertex pale brown, often darker centred. Forewing whitish, variably irrorate with brown-tipped scales; with darker streaks, spots and a fascia; terminal cilia with dark cilia-line, often irregular.

12 (10)	Forewing in distal third with black or dark brown longitudinal streak 13

-	Forewing in distal third without such streak 14
	Forewing in apical third sometimes with minute black spot.

13 (12)	Thorax white, thinly irrorate blackish brown. Terminal cilia forewing without cilia-line, from lower edge of second costal spot a longitudinal streak extending to near apex *B. albedinella*
	7.0-9.0mm. Late May to early August. Frons and vertex white, vertex with some dark brown hair-scales centrally. Forewing white with three ochreous costal spots and one dorsal.
-	Thorax white, conspicuously spotted darker in dark specimens. Terminal cilia forewing with distinct cilia-line, sometimes irregular; a longitudinal dark streak near middle of wing at three-quarters, usually short *B. bechsteinella*
	6.0-8.0mm. Early May to early August. Frons and vertex whitish, vertex centred dark brown. Forewing white with diffuse ochreous basal streak to one-third; three ochreous costal spots and one dorsal.

14 (12)	Smaller species, 6.0-7.0mm *B. ulmifoliae*
	May to August (abroad). Frons and vertex white, vertex ferruginous centred. Forewing with ground colour white or greyish yellow, markings similar to B. ulmella.
-	Larger species, 7.0-10.0mm 15


15 (14)	Thorax yellowish. Frons and vertex whitish to pale ochreous yellow, vertex dark brown centrally. Forewing with ground colour pale greyish yellow *B. noltei*
	7.5-10.0mm. Early May to late September. Forewing variably suffused with coarse dark brown scales; markings pale ochreous or pale brown; terminal cilia without cilia-line.
-	Thorax white, sometimes with a few ochreous brown scales. Frons and vertex white, vertex sometimes with a few dark brown hair-scales. Forewing with ground colour pure white *B. frangutella*
	7.0-9.0mm. Mid May to early August. Forewing with three costal spots and one dorsal, all ochreous; a black spot consisting of only one or two scales at three-quarters near middle of wing; terminal cilia with dark cilia-line.