33. DEPRESSARIIDAE

1	Antenna with scape without pecten 2

-	Antenna with scape provided with pecten 4


2 ()	Forewing without black streak arising at base *Semioscopis steinkellneriana*
	18.0-25.0mm. Late March to early June. Forewing greyish brown, often rosy tinged, a bent black longitudinal streak in disc before middle, followed by a black sickle-shaped mark at two-thirds.
-	Forewing with black streak arising at base 3


3 (2)	Forewing at distal margin of disc with a whitish spot, ringed black; ground colour pale grey, suffused ferruginous or ochreous *S. oculella*
	25.0-30.0mm. March and April.
-	Forewing without whitish, black-ringed spot; ground colour pale grey, more or less sprinkled dark brown and black, but not suffused ferruginous or ochreous *S. avellanella*
	20.0-29.0mm. March and April.

4 (1)	Forewing with tufts of raised blackish scales before and beyond middle, representing stigmata *Luquetia lobella*
	15.0-21.0mm. Late May to mid July. Forewing greyish brown, before middle with three blackish stigmata in an almost vertical line and slightly beyond middle two blackish stigmata, transversely placed.
-	Forewing without tufts of raised dark scales 5


5 (4)	Labial palpus with second segment more than two times length of third *Levipalpus hepatariella*
	21.0-25.0mm. July and August. Forewing brown with base more or less greyish white; indistinctly darker strigulated; stigmata variable, second discal usually white, black ringed.
-	Labial palpus with second segment less than twice length of third 6


6 (5)	Labial palpus with second segment slender, often slightly thickened by scales 7
	Labial palpus without longitudinal ventral furrow.
-	Labial palpus with second segment provided with dense rough projecting scales 8
	Labial palpus usually with longitudinal ventral furrow.

7 (6)	Vertex and thorax white *Orophia sordidella*
	13.0-17.0mm. Early June to early August. Forewing ochreous brown with distinct oblique median fascia and costal spot at two-thirds, both markings white; two indistinct transversely placed discal dots, edged white.
8 (6)	Forewing with veins 2 and 3 separate from cell 9

-	Forewing with veins 2 and 3 with short common stalk 24


9 (8)	Forewing with round, white dot in disc at two-thirds, often a second more basally 10
	Forewing with white discal dot distinct except in Depressaria sordidatella where it may be small and obscure.
-	Forewing without round white dots in disc 15
	In place of white dot forewing a black spot or white streak more basally (or unmarked, see couplet 4, Depressaria badiella).

10 (9)	Thorax (tegulae excluded) not conspicuously paler than forewing 11
	Forewing with one white discal dot at two-thirds.
-	Thorax contrasting paler than forewing 13


11 (10)	Labial palpus with third segment black, tip yellowish *Depressaria albipunctella*
	18.0-21.0mm. July to September, after hibernation March to May. Forewing brown, slightly reddish-tinged and paler sprinkled; some blackish dashes and blackish terminal dots. Frons greyish brown, vertex and thorax reddish brown.
-	Labial palpus with third segment pale brown with one or two dark rings 12
	Occasionally labial palpus without dark rings.

12 (11)	Smaller species, 18.0-22.0mm. Labial palpus with one dark ring, occasionally absent D. sordidatella (part)
	See couplet 60.
-	Larger species, 22.0-29.0mm. Labial palpus with two dark rings D. radiella (part)
	See couplet 61.

13 (10)	Larger species, 21.0-27.0mm *D. emeritella*
	October and after hibernation April, May. Frons, vertex and thorax ochreous yellow, tegulae dark red brown. Forewing red brown, darker dashes usually indistinct.
-	Smaller species, 15.0-21.0mm 14


14 (13)	Forewing brown without reddish tinge, more or less mixed whitish and dark greyish brown, indistinct pale fascia at three-quarters obtusely angled *D. douglasella*
	17.0-21.0mm. July, August; no evidence that adult hibernates. Frons, vertex and thorax whitish, tegulae dark brown, pale-tipped. Forewing with some inconspicuous darker dashes.
-	Forewing brown with pronounced reddish tinge, mixed whitish and dark greyish brown, indistinct pale fascia at three-quarters angled at 90° or more *D. pulcherrimella*
	15.0-19.0mm. July, August; no evidence that adult hibernates. Frons, vertex and thorax whitish grey with rosy tinge, tegulae pinkish brown. Forewing with some indistinct darker dashes.

15 (9)	Forewing with costal two-fifth from base to at least three-quarters reddish, contrasting with brown or dark brown colour of rest of wing 16
	In forewing edging of costal reddish streak often indistinct.
-	Forewing with costal area not more reddish than rest of wing 17


16 (15)	Frons, vertex and thorax dark reddish brown, similar to costal area of forewing *D. pimpinellae*
	16.0-20.0mm. July to September and after hibernation April, May. Forewing with reddish costal streak from base to three-quarters, rest of wing dark brown with black longitudinal streak or small dashes in disc.
-	Frons, vertex and thorax pale ochreous yellowish, distinctly paler than costal area of forewing *D. depressana*
	14.0-17.0mm. Throughout the year (in Denmark). Forewing with reddish costal streak from base to near apex, rest of wing brown without black markings in disc.

17 (15)	Labial palpus with third segment blackish, tip whitish 18

-	Labial palpus with third segment yellowish to brownish with one or two dark rings, occasionally rings absent 19


18 (17)	Thorax posteriorly greyish white, paler than forewing *D. chaerophylli*
	18.0-22.0mm. August to October and after hibernation April to June. Forewing dark brown, reddish-tinged with scattered whitish and blackish scaling.
-	Thorax concolorous with forewing D. daucella (part)
	Specimens with darker third segment of labial palpus. See couplet 63.

19 (17)	Third segment of labial palpus with one dark ring or without rings 20
	Labial palpus with base of third segment sometimes darker.
-	Third segment of labial palpus with two dark rings 21


20 (19)	Smaller species, 18.0-21.0mm D. sordidatella (part)
	July and August, in Britain not hibernating as an adult. Labial palpus with one dark ring, occasionally absent. Forewing brown, slightly reddish-tinged, whitish grey scaling along costa to one-half; first and second discal stigmata indistinct. See couplet
-	Larger species, 21.0-25.0mm *D. discipunctella*
	August, September and after hibernation in May. Labial palpus with one dark ring. Forewing brown, not reddish-tinged, whitish grey scaling along costa absent; first and second discal stigmata distinct, black, between them one or more black dots.

21 (19)	Forewing with row of conspicuous black dots along termen D. radiella (part)
	22.0-29.0mm. Throughout the year, except December. Forewing pale brown, somewhat greyish, with numerous dark brown dashes; in place of discal stigmata dark cloudy dashes. See couplet 52.
-	Forewing with terminal dots fused or indistinct 22


22 (21)	Thorax usually slightly paler than forewing. Forewing generally without dark or pale markings, except the indistinct discal stigmata D. badiella (part)
	21.0-24.0mm. July to September, not hibernating as an adult. Forewing paler or darker brown with scattered whitish grey and blackish scales; only a few short longitudinal black dashes; sometimes unicolorous (see couplet 4), but also well-marked forms occu
-	Thorax usually slightly darker than forewing. Forewing with dark and often also pale markings 23


23 (22)	Smaller species, 16.0-21.0mm. Forewing with disc not or scarcely paler. Hindwing with vein 5 separate from stalk of 3 and 4 *D. ultimella*
	July to October and after hibernation March to May. Forewing brownish, often reddish-tinged; more or less sprinkled paler and darker; numerous short longitudinal blackish dashes; two indistinct discal stigmata, connected by whitish scales.
-	Larger species, 21.5-26.0mm. Forewing with disc conspicuously paler. In hindwing vein 5 connate with stalk of 3 and 4 D. daucella (part)
	Mid July to early November, after hibernation mid March to early June. Forewing brownish, often reddish-tinged; somewhat whitish-sprinkled; numerous short longitudinal blackish dashes; second discal stigma present, but indistinct. See couplet 58.

24 (18)	Forewing with discrete red or brownish red mark in disc, sometimes rather small 25

-	Forewing without discrete red mark in disc 26
	In forewing red scales may occur, but these are part of a suffusion. In Agonopterix assimilella sometimes a short ferruginous dash at three-fifth, often incorporated in dark suffusion (see couplet 91); in A. nervosa a similar red streak in d

25 (24)	Forewing white, variably suffused pale brown, a cloudy dark grey blotch at one-half touching costa and edged beneath by a thick elongate red mark *Agonopterix alstromeriana*
	18.0-22.0mm. Late August to mid November and after hibernation March to early June. Frons, vertex and thorax usually white or whitish. Forewing with two blackish dots in disc.
-	Forewing pale ochreous, variably suffused greyish brown, a small cloudy dark blotch at one-half not reaching costa and a red-circled white dot in disc at one-third. *A. ocellana*
	21.0-26.0mm. Throughout the year except December. Frons, vertex and thorax usually pale ochreous or greyish. Forewing with a red dash and two blackish dots in disc, often fused.

26 (24)	Forewing with black or dark greyish brown dots in disc fused to form a conspicuous curved black mark at one-third to two-fifth 27

-	Forewing without conspicuous curved dark mark in disc 29


27 (26)	Third segment of labial palpus pale ochreous with two dark rings and dark tip A. curvipunctosa (part)
	Specimens with curved black mark in forewing. See couplets 90 and 98.
-	Third segment of labial palpus ochreous with broad dark band 28


28 (27)	Tegulae dark reddish brown, paling posteriorly, sharply contrasting with ochreous yellow vertex and thorax. Underside labial palpus pale ochreous *A. liturosa*
	17.0-20.0mm. Late June to August, not hibernating as an adult. Forewing deep dark purplish brown, towards base and costa suffused blackish. Hindwing with dorsum distinctly curved inwards. Frons ochreous yellow. Vertex and thorax usually with brownish cent
-	Tegulae ranging from pale ochreous to greyish brown, sometimes somewhat reddish, usually not or slightly contrasting with thorax. Underside labial palpus dark brown A. conterminella (part)
	16.0-20.0mm. Late May to early October, not hibernating as an adult. Forewing dark reddish brown or greyish brown, variably suffused darker and paler. Hindwing with dorsum only slightly curved inwardly. See couplet 73.

29 (26)	Forewing with at least one white or whitish dot in disc 30

-	Forewing without white or whitish dot in disc 41
	Forewing occasionally with pale yellowish grey or pale ochreous dot, not white or whitish. See A. assimilella (couplet 91).

30 (29)	Forewing with apical half of terminal cilia dark brown or purplish brown, tornal half pale ochreous or greyish A. nervosa (part)
	16.0-22.0mm. June to September, not hibernating as an adult (in England once found in January). Forewing pale ochreous yellow, variably scattered with blackish scales, suffused brownish or pink; red-circled white dot at three-fifth. See couplet 87 (form w
-	Forewing with cilia unicolorous 31
	Fringe of forewing with pale cilia-line or with dark spots.

31 (30)	Labial palpus with third segment unicolorous ochreous yellow, without dark rings A. atomella (part)
	18.0-22.0mm. May to September, most probably hibernating as an adult. Forewing ochreous yellow with some scattered blackish scales, variably suffused rosy brownish, except base and costal area; whitish or pale ochreous dot in disc at three-fifth. See coup
-	Third segment of labial palpus with one or more dark rings (sometimes indistinct) or more or less mottled with darker scales 32


32 (31)	Forewing with one whitish dot in disc 33

-	Forewing with more than one white or whitish dot in disc 36
	Forewing with white and whitish dost sometimes very small, occasionally one dot obscure.

33 (32)	Third segment of labial palpus with one distinct broad blackish band, tip pale A. conterminella (part)
	Specimens with disc forewing without curved dark mark. See couplet 68.
-	Third segment of labial palpus with two dark rings and narrow dark tip 34
	Third segment of labial palpus sometimes with ill-defined indistinct rings or only with black scaling.

34 (33)	Smaller species, 11.0-15.0mm. Forewing with dark cloudy blotch reaching middle of costa *A. purpurea*
	May to September, in Britain hibernating as an adult. Forewing dark purplish brown, mixed darker, especially towards costa; base pale grey.
-	Larger species, 14.0-22.0mm. Forewing without dark cloudy blotch, if present, not reaching costa 35


35 (34)	Hindwing with fringe without dark cilia-lines *A. yeatiana*
	18.0-22.0mm. Throughout the year, except January and December, hibernating as an adult. Forewing pale greyish ochreous with scattered blackish scales; a cloudy dark blotch of variable intensity at one-third; veins sometimes marked with dark greyish brown
-	Hindwing with fringe with one to three dark cilia-lines, basal line excluded, sometimes indistinct. 58


36 (32)	Smaller specimens, 14.0-18.0mm 37

-	Larger specimens, 18.0-25.0mm 38


37 (36)	Hindwing dark grey; cilia concolorous, with one dark cilia-line. Abdomen with upper side black medially and ochreous laterally *A. capreolella*
	14.0-18.0mm. July to September and after hibernation March to May. Third segment of labial palpus with both dark rings, dark tip narrow or obsolete. Forewing light greyish brown, base pale.
-	Hindwing pale greyish brown, cilia greyish white and with two or three cilia-lines, sometimes indistinct. Abdomen with upper side unicolorous brown or greyish brown A. heracliana (part)
	15.0-22.0 mm. Third segment of labial palpus with distinct dark rings and dark tip. See couplets 80 and 98.

38 (36)	Forewing with basal area whitish, distinctly edged vertically and not extending along costa *A. cnicella*
	18.0-22.0mm. July to October and after hibernation March and April. Forewing reddish brown with a few scattered grey and dark greyish brown scales.
-	Forewing with basal area paler than rest of wing, but not whitish (pale ochreous to pale brown), extending along costa or concolorous with rest of wing 39


39 (38)	Forewing with apex squared, outer three-fourth of costa and apical half of termen straight; both white discal spots small or obscure A. scopariella (part)
	18.0-23.0mm. March to October, hibernating as an adult. Forewing brown, variably suffused ochreous or reddish brown, base usually paler than rest of wing. Specimens with two white discal dots present, but small and obscure. See couplets 90 and 92.
-	Forewing with apex rounded, costa and termen gently rounded; white discal dots well-developed 40


40 (39)	Antenna four-fifth of length costa forewing. Hindwing cilia with five dark cilia-lines, sometimes indistinct *A. ciliella*
	19.0-25.0mm. July to October and after hibernation March, April. Forewing brown, often tinged reddish; base usually pale.
-	Antenna almost as long as costa forewing. Hindwing cilia with two or three cilia-lines (basal line excluded), sometimes indistinct A. heracliana (part)
	17.0-22.0mm. Throughout the year, except December, hibernates as an adult. Forewing from pale greyish brown to dark brown, variably mixed pale ochreous and dark greyish brown, sometimes tinged reddish; base usually paler. See couplets 77 and 98.

41 (39)	Third segment of labial palpus without dark markings 42

-	Third segment of labial palpus with dark markings, sometimes reduced to dark tip or some dark scaling 47


42 (41)	In forewing black second discal stigma incorporated in dark cloudy blotch, usually extending towards tornus *A. angelicella*
	15.0-19.0mm. Late June to early September, not hibernating as an adult. Forewing pale brown, reddish tinged and suffused dark brown, base pale.
-	In forewing dark markings otherwise 43


43 (42)	Forewing whitish ochreous with veins lined or streaked darker 44
	Forewing with dark lining of veins fine, sometimes reduced to scattered scales.
-	Forewing with veins not lined or streaked darker 45


44 (43)	Vertex whitish ochreous and with dark median line. Forewing with dark line along dorsum A. umbellana (part)
	19.0-24.0mm. August, September and after hibernation April to June. Forewing whitish ochreous; veins and dorsum variably lined blackish brown. See couplet 86.
-	Vertex whitish ochreous without dark median line. Forewing without dark line along dorsum *A. pallorella*
	19.0-23.0mm. August to October, in Britain and Denmark after hibernation to May. Forewing whitish ochreous; veins and dorsum lined dark, sometimes reduced to scattered dark scales; subdorsal dark longitudinal streak from near base to before tornus.

45 (43)	Forewing with base and costal area ochreous to pale ochreous, rest of wing darker, variably suffused with rosy brownish A. atomella (part)
	Vertex without dark median line. Form without pale dot in disc. See couplet 71.
-	Forewing with base and costal area concolorous with whitish ochreous colour of rest of wing 46


46 (45)	Vertex unicolorous. Forewing beneath second stigma with cloudy ferruginous or greyish brown blotch, sometimes faint *A. kaekeritziana*
	19.0-23.0mm. Late June to August, not hibernating as an adult. Forewing whitish ochreous.
-	Vertex whitish ochreous with dark median line. Forewing without dark cloudy blotch near tornus A. umbellana (part)
	This is f. prostratella, in which forewing lacks blackish brown lines along veins. See couplet 84.

47 (41)	Forewing with apical half of terminal cilia dark brown or purplish brown, tornal half pale ochreous or greyish A. nervosa (part)
	See couplet 70.
-	Forewing with terminal cilia unicolorous 48


48 (47)	Forewing with basal area distinctly paler than rest of wing 49
	Forewing occasionally with base not distinctly dark-edged, but base without dark stippling or suffusion, thus somewhat contrasting with rest of wing.
-	Forewing with basal area concolorous with rest of wing 54


49 (48)	Forewing without cloudy dark blotch in disc 50

-	Forewing with more or less cloudy black or greyish brown blotch in disc 51


50 (49)	Larger species, 18.0-23.0mm. Forewing with apex squared, outer three-fourth of costa and apical half of termen straight A. scopariella (part)
	Third segment of labial palpus with two indistinct dark rings. Form with forewing without white discal dots and without cloudy dark blotch in disc. See also couplets 79 and 92.
-	Smaller species, 16.0-17.0mm. Forewing with apex rounded, costa and termen gently rounded A. curvipunctosa (part)
	July to September and after hibernation March to May. Third segment of labial palpus with two distinct dark rings. Forewing greyish ochreous sprinkled darker; without white or whitish discal dot, curved dark mark in disc absent. See couplets 67 and 98.

51 (49)	Forewing with dark cloudy blotch in disc at three-fifth, sometimes faint, often slightly extending obliquely towards tornus and fused with a ferruginous longitudinal elongate mark *A. assimilella*
	15.0-21.0mm. March to September, hibernating as an adult. Third segment of labial palpus with one dark ring, ill-defined. Forewing pale ochreous, sometimes with short ferruginous dash at three-fifth, often incorporated in the grey cloudy blotch.
-	Forewing with dark cloudy blotch in disc at one-half, not extending towards tornus and fused with ferruginous mark. Third segment of labial palpus with two dark rings, sometimes indistinct 52


52 (51)	Forewing with apex squared, outer three-fourth of costa and apical half of termen straight; costa without dark greyish brown maculation A. scopariella (part)
	Third segment of labial palpus with two indistinct dark rings. Form with forewing without white discal dots and with cloudy dark blotch in disc. See couplets 79 and 90.
-	Forewing with apex rounded, costa and termen gently rounded; costa with dark greyish brown maculation 53
	Third segment of labial palpus with two distinct dark rings.

53 (52)	Forewing with dark cloudy blotch in disc remote from costa and with a row of conspicuous blackish or brown terminal dots; abdomen ventrally without rows of black spots *A. arenella*
	16.0-22.0mm. February to November, hibernates as an adult. Forewing pale ochreous yellow, irregularly suffused brown.
-	Forewing with dark cloudy blotch in disc approaching costa and with a row of small, sometimes indistinct blackish terminal dots; abdomen ventrally with rows of blackish spots A. propinquella (part)
	16.0-19.0mm. February to October, hibernates as an adult. Forewing ochreous yellow to pale greyish red, tinged pale ochreous; variably finely speckled with black or brownish black. Third segment of labial palpus reddish yellow with one distinct blackish r

54 (48)	Vertex whitish ochreous with dark median line. Forewing with veins dark-lined. Third segment of labial palp with dark brown tip, without dark rings A. umbellana (part)
	Forewing whitish ochreous, veins and dorsum variably lined blackish brown. Form with third segment of labial palpus dark-tipped. See couplets 84 and 86.
-	Vertex unicolorous. Forewing with veins not dark-lined. Third segment of labial palp with one or two dark rings, sometimes indistinct 55


55 (54)	Forewing pale ochreous yellow tinged somewhat greyish or brownish (never reddish); brown sprinkling tending to form strigulae; fringe ochreous with one fine dark cilia-line. Labial palpus with third segment with one indistinct dark ring *A. nanatella*
	14.0-19.0mm. August (July in Britain), not hibernating as an adult. Forewing with costa marked with dark strigulae, occasionally obsolete; dark cloudy subcostal blotch at one-half absent or, of present, ill-defined. Labial palpus with third segment pale y
-	Forewing with ground colour ranging from ochreous to brown, often slightly reddish-tinged; not strigulated; fringe with two or three paler or darker cilia-lines. Third segment of labial palpus with two dark rings, occasionally indistinct 56


56 (55)	Forewing without distinct dark costal spots, sometimes some dark scales along costa; fringe brownish, often with two or three indistinct pale cilia-lines *A. subpropinquella*
	17.0-23.0mm. February to October, hibernating as an adult. Forewing with nearly straight costa and rather sqared apex; varying from ochreous yellow or pale reddish ochreous to pale greyish red; basal area not dark-edged and concolorous with rest of wing;
-	Forewing with a series of dark rather conspicuous costal spots, particularly in basal half; fringe ochreous or pale reddish brown with two or three dark brown or dark grey cilia-lines 57


57 (56)	Generally larger species, 18.0-25.0mm. Forewing with basal area dark-edged, not paler than rest of wing *A. laterella*
	March to December, hibernates as an adult. Forewing reddish ochreous yellow with fine dark scaling overlaid with coarse black scales; dark cloudy subcostal blotch at one-half, remote from costa. Third segment of labial palpus reddish yellow with two black
-	Generally smaller species, 16.0-19.0mm. Forewing with basal area not dark-edged and concolorous with rest of wing or almost so A. propinquella (part)
	Forewing with dark cloudy subcostal blotch in disc, if present, approaching costa. See couplet 93.

58 (35)	Smaller species, 16.0-17.5 mm. Frons shining white or whitish A. curvipunctosa (part)
	Forewing greyish brown, sprinkled darker; base pale. Form without curved dark mark in forewing and with one whitish dot in disc. See couplets 67 and 90.
-	Larger species, 17.0-22.0 mm. Frons ochreous yelow, paler beneath A. heracliana (part)
	Forewing with only one withish dot in disc. See couplets 77 and 80.